Stone

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stone¹

  • /stəʊ̯n/ UK
  • /stoʊ̯n/ US
  • /stɐʉ̯n/ Australia, New Zealand
  • /ston/ Scotland
  • /stoːn/ Wales

Rhymes with -əʊn

Where it comes from

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-

Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂-

Proto-Indo-European *-nos

Proto-Indo-European *stóyh₂nos

Proto-Germanic *stainaz

Proto-West Germanic *stain

Old English stān

Middle English ston

English stone

From Middle English ston, stone, stan, from Old English stān, from Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz (“stone”), from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”).

Cognates

Cognate with Scots stane (“stone”), Yola sthoan (“stone”), North Frisian stean, stian, stiin, stiinj (“stone”), Saterland Frisian Steen (“stone”), West Frisian stien (“stone”), Alemannic German Steei (“rock, stone”), Bavarian Staa (“rock, stone”), Central Franconian Steen, Stään (“stone”), Dutch steen (“stone”), German Stein (“rock, stone”), German Low German Steen, Stein (“stone”), Luxembourgish Steen (“stone”), Vilamovian śtan (“stone”), Yiddish שטיין (shteyn, “stone”), Danish and Swedish sten (“stone”), Elfdalian stien (“stone”), Faroese steinur (“stone”), Gutnish stain (“rock, stone”), Icelandic steinn (“rock, stone”), Norwegian Bokmål stein, sten (“stone”), Norwegian Nynorsk steidn, stein (“stone”), Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (stains, “stone”). Compare also Ancient Greek στία (stía, “pebble”), στέαρ (stéar, “tallow”), Lithuanian sténgti (“to be able, make an effort; to oppose”), Russian стена́ (stená, “wall”), Albanian shtëng (“hardened or pressed matter”), Sanskrit स्तिया (stiyā, “still or stagnant water”). Doublet of stain, stean, and stein.

noun stones · stone · styen · stean

  1. uncountable A hard earthen substance that can form rocks; especially, such substance when regarded as a building material. Toad, that vnder cold ſtone, / Dayes and Nights ha’s thirty one: / Sweltred Venom ſleeping got, / Boyle thou firſt i’th’ charmed pot.
  2. countable A piece of such material: a block of stone, rock or a pebble. A railway station which formerly stood a few miles from Sydney has recently been demolished, stone by stone, and has been re-erected as a church in the Australian Capital Territory of Canberra, about 200 miles away.
  3. countable, uncountable A gemstone, a jewel, especially a diamond. […]Ineſtimable Stones, vnvalewed Iewels[…]
  4. UK, countable, uncountable A unit of weight equal to 14 pounds (≈6.3503 kilograms), formerly used for various commodities (wool, cheese, etc.), but now principally used for personal weight. Abbreviated as st. British people measure their weight in stones and pounds. I weigh eight stone five.
  5. countable, uncountable The central part of some fruits, particularly drupes; consisting of the seed and a hard endocarp layer. Near-synonym: pip
  6. countable, uncountable A hard, stone-like deposit. The pain of passing a larger stone is often compared to child birth.
  7. countable, uncountable A playing piece made of any hard material, used in various board games such as backgammon and go.
  8. countable, uncountable A dull light grey or beige, like that of some stones.
  9. countable, uncountable A 42-pound, precisely shaped piece of granite with a handle attached, which is bowled down the ice.
  10. countable, uncountable A monument to the dead; a gravestone or tombstone. Amid that scene, if ſome relenting eye Glance on the ſtone where our cold reliques lie.
  11. countable, obsolete, uncountable A mirror, or its glass. She's dead as earth: Lend me a Looking-glaſſe; / If that her breath will miſt or ſtaine the ſtone, / Why then ſhe liues.
  12. countable, obsolete, uncountable A testicle. […]and yet I warrant it had vpon it brow, a bumpe as big as a young Cockrels ſtone?
  13. countable, historical, uncountable A stand or table with a smooth, flat top of stone, commonly marble, on which to arrange the pages of a book, newspaper, etc. before printing. The Chief called the makeup editor to the stone, pointed to the story which had caught his eye, and suggested a fairly simple remake.

Similar: hard stone-like deposit

adjective styen · stean

  1. not comparable Constructed of stone. stone walls
  2. not comparable Having the appearance of stone. stone pot
  3. not comparable Of a dull light grey or beige, like that of some stones.
  4. not comparable Used as an intensifier. She is one stone fox.
  5. not comparable, slang Willing to give sexual pleasure but not to receive it. stone butch

adverb styen · stean

  1. not comparable As a stone (used with following adjective). My father is stone deaf. This soup is stone cold.
  2. not comparable, slang Absolutely, completely (used with following adjectives). I went stone crazy after she left.

stone²

  • /stəʊ̯n/ UK
  • /stoʊ̯n/ US
  • /stɐʉ̯n/ Australia, New Zealand
  • /ston/ Scotland
  • /stoːn/ Wales

Rhymes with -əʊn

Where it comes from

From Middle English stonen, stanen, from Old English *stānian (“to stone”), from Proto-West Germanic *stainōn, from Proto-Germanic *stainōną (“to stone”).

Cognate with Scots stane (“to stone”), German Low German stenen (“to stone”), Danish stene (“to stone”), Swedish stena (“to stone”), Faroese steina (“to stone”). Compare also Saterland Frisian stenigje (“to stone”), West Frisian stiennigje (“to stone”), Dutch stenigen (“to stone”), German steinigen (“to stone”).

verb stones · stoning · stoned

  1. transitive To pelt with stones; especially, to kill by pelting with stones. stoned to death
  2. transitive To wall or wall up with stones. […] and since it was a rule of the French troops not to be a burden on the people along their route it could be that the advance guard dug and stoned the well for the troop's own special use.
  3. transitive To remove a stone from (fruit etc.).
  4. intransitive To form a stone during growth, with reference to fruit etc.
  5. slang, transitive Especially of cannabis or narcotics: To intoxicate. (Usually in passive)
  6. Singapore, intransitive, slang To do nothing, to stare blankly into space and not pay attention when relaxing or when bored. I was stoning the whole of today.
  7. transitive To lap with an abrasive stone to remove surface irregularities. Before they did the setup on the machining center, they stoned the table to knock down any nicked burrs.

Stone³

  • /stəʊ̯n/ UK
  • /stoʊ̯n/ US
  • /stɐʉ̯n/ Australia, New Zealand
  • /ston/ Scotland
  • /stoːn/ Wales

Rhymes with -əʊn

Where it comes from

From stone. Doublet of Steen and Stein.

proper noun Stones

  1. countable An English occupational and habitational surname from Old English, for someone who lived near a stone worked with stone, from Old English stan. Tucker Carlson (also a jacket and tie guy) picked up on the hoo-ha on his Fox News show, calling the hoodie-jacket combination a “cry for help” and inviting Roger Stone, the disgraced former political operative and author of his own “Best and Worst dressed List,” to comment.
  2. countable A male given name.
  3. countable, uncountable A village in Stone with Bishopstone and Hartwell parish, Buckinghamshire, previously in Aylesbury Vale district (OS grid ref SP7811).
  4. countable, uncountable A village in Ham and Stone parish, Stroud district, Gloucestershire (OS grid ref ST6895).
  5. countable, uncountable A village and civil parish in Dartford borough, Kent (OS grid ref TQ5774).
  6. countable, uncountable A hamlet in Maltby parish, Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham, South Yorkshire (OS grid ref SK5589).
  7. countable, uncountable A market town and civil parish with a town council in Stafford borough, Staffordshire (OS grid ref SJ9034).
  8. countable, uncountable A village and civil parish in Wyre Forest district, Worcestershire (OS grid ref SO8575).
  9. countable, uncountable An unincorporated community in California.
  10. countable, uncountable An unincorporated community in Indiana.
  11. countable, uncountable An unincorporated community and coal town in Pike County, Kentucky; named for coal businessman Galen L. Stone.
  12. countable, uncountable An unincorporated community in the town of Rutland, Dane County, Wisconsin.
  13. abbreviation, countable, ellipsis, uncountable Ellipsis of Stone County.Stone County

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