virtual
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virtual
- /ˈvɜːt͡ʃʊəl/ UK
- /ˈvɜːt͡ʃ(ʊ)l/ UK
- /ˈvɜɹt͡ʃuəl/ US
- /ˈvɵːt͡ʃuəl/ New Zealand
- /ˈvɵːt͡ʃəl/ New Zealand
- [ˈvɵːt͡ʃɯ(l)] New Zealand
Rhymes with -ɜː(ɹ)tʃuəl, -ɜːtʃəl
Where it comes from
PIE word
*wiHrós
The adjective is derived from Middle English vertual, virtual [and other forms], from Old French vertüal, vertüelle (modern French virtuel), or from their etymon Medieval Latin virtuālis (“of or pertaining to potency or power; having power to produce an effect, potent; morally virtuous”), from Latin virtūs (“goodness, virtue; manliness, virility”) (from vir (“adult male, man”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós (“man”), possibly from *weyh₁- (“to chase, hunt, pursue”)) + -tūs (suffix forming collective or abstract nouns)) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship), modelled after virtuōsus (“good, virtuous”).
Sense 4 (“pertaining to a theoretical infinitesimal velocity in a mechanical system that does not violate the system’s constraints”) is borrowed from French virtuel, from Middle French virtuel, from Old French vertüal, vertüelle: see above.
The noun is derived from the adjective.
Cognates
* French virtuel
* Italian virtuale
* Spanish virtual
adjective vertual · virtuall · vertuall
- In effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality; also, imitated, simulated. In fact a defeat on the battlefield, Tet was a virtual victory for the North, owing to its effect on public opinion.
- For practical purposes, though not technically; almost complete, very near. The angry peasants were a virtual army as they attacked the castle.
- Operating using a computer and/or online rather than physically present. a virtual assistant; a virtual personal trainer
- Simulated in a computer and/or online. virtual machine; virtual memory; virtual private network
- Of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass.
- Pertaining to a theoretical infinitesimal velocity in a mechanical system that does not violate the system's constraints; also, of other physical quantities: resulting from such a velocity. virtual displacement; virtual work
- Pertaining to a theoretical quality of something which would produce an observable effect if counteracting factors such as friction are disregarded; specifically, of a head of water: producing a certain pressure if friction, etc., is disregarded.
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Chiefly in virtual focus: of a focus or point: from which light or other radiation apparently emanates; also, of an image: produced by light that appears to diverge from a point beyond the reflecting or refracting surface.
Opposite: real
- Pertaining to particles in temporary existence due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.
- Of a quantum state: having an intermediate, short-lived, and unobservable nature.
- Having efficacy or power due to some natural qualities. [H]is ſenſes flame / Flovv'd from his parts, vvith force ſo virtuall, / It fir'd vvith ſence things meere inſenſuall.
- Of a plant or other thing: having strong healing powers; virtuous.
- Having the power of acting without the agency of some material or measurable thing; possessing invisible efficacy. VVater, being contiguous vvith Aire, Cooleth it, but Moiſteneth it not, except it Vapour. The Cauſe is, for that Heat, and Cold haue a Virtuall Tranſition, vvithout Communication of Subſtance; but Moiſture not: […]
- Producing, or able to produce, some result; effective, efficacious. For Dr. [John] Dee, in his Mathematical Preface to Euclids Elements of Geometrie, hath vvorthily taken pains to make Architecture a Mathematical Science; and as a vertual Proof of his ovvn Learned Plea, quotes tvvo Authentique Authors, viz. Vitruvius and Leo Baptiſta [i.e., Leon Battista Alberti], [
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Synonym of virtuous (“full of virtue; having excellent moral character”).
The moſt in ſoule deiected; the moſt baſe, / And moſt vnſeruiceable weede, vnles / You by your heauenly Influence change his vilenes / Into a vertuall habit fit for vſe.
Similar: virtuous
Similar: cyberreal
noun virtuals
- Preceded by the: that which is imitated or simulated rather than existing in fact or reality; (countable) an instance of this.
- That which is simulated in a computer and/or online; virtual reality; (countable) an instance of this; specifically (gambling), a computer simulation of a real-world sport such as horse racing.
- A virtual (adjective sense 3.3) member function of a class.
Thesaurus
Closest in meaning: practical, realistic, essential, simulated, quasi, fictional, versatile, theoretical, fictitious, notional, seeming, imaginary, on-line, actual, practically, effective
adjective
Similar: cyberreal
Translations
Every language
adj in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
| Español | virtual |
|---|---|
| 한국어 | 사실상의 sasilsang-ui |
| 日本語 | 事実上の jijitsujō no |
| Português | virtual |
| Français | virtuel |
| Deutsch | virtuell, eigentlich |
| Italiano | virtuale |
| Ελληνικά | εικονικός eikonikós |
| Română | virtual |
| Русский | сло́вно slóvno, бу́дто бы búdto by |
| עברית | כאילו keílu, כביכול kivjakhól |
adj for practical purposes, though not technically
| Español | virtual |
|---|---|
| 日本語 | ほとんど hotondo |
| Français | pratiquement |
| Deutsch | fast, praktisch wie |
adj simulated in a computer and/or online
| Español | virtual |
|---|---|
| 日本語 | 仮想の kasō no, バーチャル bācharu |
| 中文 | 虛擬 /虚拟 xūnǐ |
| हिन्दी | वर्चुअल varcual |
| Português | virtual |
| Français | virtuel |
| Deutsch | computersimuliert |
| Italiano | virtuale |
| Ελληνικά | εικονικός eikonikós |
| Русский | виртуа́льный virtuálʹnyj |
| العربية | خَيَالِيّ ḵayāliyy |
| עברית | ווירטואלי virtuáli |
adj of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass
| Español | virtual |
|---|---|
| Português | virtual |
| Ελληνικά | εικονικός eikonikós |
| Русский | виртуа́льный virtuálʹnyj |
| עברית | ווירטואלי virtuáli |
Talk about this word "virtual." Wiktionary, via Micwyn, micwyn.com/word/virtual. Accessed 6 Nov. 2026. virtual. (n.d.). In Wiktionary, via Micwyn. Retrieved November 6, 2026, from https://micwyn.com/word/virtual "virtual." Wiktionary, via Micwyn. Accessed November 6, 2026. https://micwyn.com/word/virtual.Cite this
@misc{virtual_2026,
title = {virtual},
howpublished = {Wiktionary, via Micwyn},
year = {2026},
url = {https://micwyn.com/word/virtual},
urldate = {2026-11-06}
}