holocaust

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holocaust¹

  • /ˈhɒl.ə(ʊ)ˌkɔːst/ UK
  • /ˈhɑl.əˌkɔst/ US
  • /ˈhoʊ.lə-/ US
  • /ˈhɑl.əˌkɑst/ cot caught merger
  • /ˈhoʊ.lə-/ cot caught merger

Where it comes from

The noun is derived from Middle English holocaust (“burnt offering”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman holocauste, Old French holocauste, olocauste (modern French holocaust), from Late Latin holocaustum, from Ancient Greek ὁλόκαυστον (holókauston), the neuter form of ὁλόκαυστος (holókaustos, “wholly burnt”), from ὅλος (hólos, “entire, whole”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *solh₂- (“whole”)) + καυστός (kaustós, “burnt”) (from καίω (kaíō, “to burn, burn up”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂w-). By surface analysis, holo- + -caust.

The verb is derived from the noun. As regards verb sense 3 (“to subject (a group of people) to a holocaust”), compare the use of genocide as a verb.

noun holocausts

  1. An offering or sacrifice to a deity that is completely burned to ashes. And the ſcribe ſayde vnto hym: well maſter⸝ thou haſt ſayde the trugthe⸝ thatt there ys one God⸝ and that there is none but he. And to love hym with all the herte⸝ and with all the mynde⸝ and with all the ſoule⸝ ãd with all the ſtrẽgthe. And to love a mans nehbour as hym ſilfe⸝ ys a greater thynge t
  2. also, broadly, figuratively A complete or large offering or sacrifice. Inſnar'd ſhe was in Shechems Treachery, / And, ſilly Mayden, ſuddenly became / An Holocauſt to Luſts unhappy Flame.

    Similar: hecatomb

  3. broadly Complete destruction by fire; also, the thing so destroyed. So vertue giv'n for loſt, / Depreſt, and overthrown, as ſeem'd, / Like that ſelf-begott'n bird [the phoenix] / In the Arabian woods emboſt, / That no ſecond knows nor third, / And lay e're while a Holocauſt, / From out her aſhie womb now teem'd, / Revives, reflouriſhes, then vigorous moſt / When moſ
  4. broadly, figuratively Extensive destruction of a group of animals or (especially) people; a large-scale massacre or slaughter. a nuclear holocaust
  5. broadly, figuratively Alternative letter-case form of Holocaust (“the systematic mass murder (democide or genocide) of Jews (and, more broadly, of disabled people, homosexuals, Romanis, Slavs, and others) perpetrated by Nazi Germany shortly before and during World War II”); hence, the state-sponsored mass murder of a particular group of people in society.

verb holocausts · holocausting · holocausted

  1. also, figuratively, transitive To sacrifice (chiefly an animal) to be completely burned. Such acts muſt needs be his, who did deviſe / By crying Altars down, to ſacrifice / To private malice; where you might have ſeen / His conſcience holocauſted to his ſpleen.
  2. transitive To destroy (something) completely, especially by fire. The meek and candid persecutor, Cardinal [Reginald] Pole, who killed and took possession when [Thomas] Cranmer was holocausted, built the chapel, and became the voucher for the truth of the absurd legend.
  3. transitive To subject (a group of people) to a holocaust (mass annihilation); to destroy en masse. Over the centuries, we [Jews] were expelled, pogromed, crusaded, inquisitioned, jihaded, and holocausted out of countries that we helped to make great.

Holocaust²

  • /ˈhɒləkɔːst/ UK
  • /ˈhɔləkoːst/ Australia, British, Southern
  • /ˈhoʊləkɔst/ US
  • /ˈhɑləkɔst/ US
  • /ˈhoʊləkɑst/ US, cot caught merger
  • /ˈhɑləkɑst/ US, cot caught merger
  • /ˈhɒləkoːst/ New Zealand
  • [ˈhɔ̟ləkoːst] New Zealand
  • /ˈhɔləkɔst/ Scotland

Where it comes from

Ellipsis of Jewish holocaust.

proper noun the Holocaust · Holocausts

  1. historical, uncountable, usually The systematic mass murder (genocide) of an estimated six million European Jews perpetrated by Nazi Germany during World War II. Among Soloway’s congregants injured in the attack was Barbara Steinmetz, an 88-year-old Holocaust survivor who has become one of the most poignant symbols of the attack.

    Similar: Shoah

  2. broadly, historical, uncommon, uncountable, usually The systematic mass murder (democide) perpetrated by Nazi Germany of somewhere between eleven and fourteen million people they considered subhuman, namely six million Jews and from five to eight million others (including Romanis, Slavs, homosexuals, and people with physical and mental disabilities). For quotations using this term, see Citations:Holocaust.

Similar: Shoah, the Nazi genocide

verb Holocausts · Holocausting · Holocausted

  1. Alternative letter-case form of holocaust (“to subject to a mass annihilation; to destroy en masse”).

Thesaurus

Closest in meaning: shoah, offering, marge, genocide, disaster, catastrophe, massacre, extermination, calamity, annihilation, destruction, carnage, havoc, burning, incendiary, meltdown

proper noun

Similar: Shoah, the Nazi genocide

Translations

Every language

noun offering or sacrifice to a deity that is completely burned to ashes

Españolholocausto
中文燔祭 fánjì
Portuguêsholocausto
Françaisholocauste
DeutschHolokauston, Holokaustum, Ganzopfer, Vollbrandopfer
Ελληνικάολοκαύτωμα olokáftoma
Русскийвсесожже́ние vsesožžénije
العربيةمُحْرَقَة muḥraqa
עבריתעוֹלָה olá

noun extensive destruction of a group of animals or people — see also massacre, slaughter

Portuguêsholocausto, extermínio, genocídio
DeutschHolocaust, Auslöschung, Ausmerzung, Ausrottung, Gruppenmord, Massentötung
Ελληνικάεξολόθρευση exolóthrefsi
Românăholocaust, exterminare în masă, genocid
Русскийгеноцид genocid
עבריתשׁוֹאָה shoá

noun state-sponsored mass murder of a particular group of people in society

Portuguêsholocausto
DeutschHolocaust, Massenmord, Massenvernichtung
Ελληνικάγενοκτονία genoktonía
Русскийхолоко́ст xolokóst
עבריתשׁוֹאָה shoá

name the genocide of European Jews by Nazi Germany

EspañolHolocausto
日本語ホロコースト Horokōsuto, ユダヤ人大虐殺 Yudaya-jin dai-gyakusatsu
中文猶太人大屠殺 /犹太人大屠杀 Yóutàirén dàtúshā
हिन्दीयहूदी नरसंहार yahūdī narsãhār
PortuguêsHolocausto, Shoá
FrançaisShoah
DeutschHolocaust, Judenmord, Judenvernichtung, Massenmord an den europäischen Juden, Schoah, Auschwitz
ItalianoOlocausto, Shoah
ΕλληνικάΟλοκαύτωμα Olokáftoma, Σοά Soá
RomânăHolocaust
Русскийхолоко́ст xolokóst, Холоко́ст Xolokóst, Шоа́ Šoá
Tiếng ViệtHolocaust
العربيةالْهُولُوكُوسْت al-hūlūkūst, الْمَحْرَقَة الْيَهُودِيَّة
עבריתהשואה ha-sho'á, שואה sho'á

name the mass murder of 11–14 million people by Nazi Germany

EspañolHolocausto
日本語ホロコースト Horokōsuto
中文大屠殺 /大屠杀 dàtúshā
PortuguêsHolocausto
DeutschHolocaust
ΕλληνικάΟλοκαύτωμα Olokáftoma
Русскийхолоко́ст xolokóst, Холоко́ст Xolokóst
Tiếng ViệtHolocaust
العربيةالْهُولُوكُوسْت al-hūlūkūst

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Cite this
MLA

"holocaust." Wiktionary, via Micwyn, micwyn.com/word/holocaust. Accessed 6 Nov. 2026.

APA

holocaust. (n.d.). In Wiktionary, via Micwyn. Retrieved November 6, 2026, from https://micwyn.com/word/holocaust

Chicago

"holocaust." Wiktionary, via Micwyn. Accessed November 6, 2026. https://micwyn.com/word/holocaust.

BibTeX
@misc{holocaust_2026,
  title = {holocaust},
  howpublished = {Wiktionary, via Micwyn},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://micwyn.com/word/holocaust},
  urldate = {2026-11-06}
}